Start with exposures
A portfolio can be described by what economic exposures it owns—such as broad equities, bonds and cash—before discussing individual tickers.
Diversification is not a guarantee
Spreading exposure can reduce concentration, but it does not remove market risk or guarantee a return.
Use CIL
Research structure and costs first. CIL deliberately does not turn this lesson into a “buy these funds” list.
Before marking this stage complete
Make sure you understand the concept and have checked any live information that applies to your own situation. Completion in CIL is a personal progress marker, not verification by CIL.